Visor problems and some good experience
Shattered Bicycle Helmet Visor?
Cut by a Visor Edge?
Summary: This page was intended to document two problems with bicycle helmets that are not addressed by any
current U.S. standard: shattering on impact and cuts from visor edges. A third and partially related problem with visors
is snagging. Visors must detach readily from a helmet in an impact to prevent them from jerking the rider's neck. A
fourth is blocking vision. There is no visor test in most standards. In fact, we have received few reports over the years
since we put the page up, and one glowing report of a visor saving a face. As recumbents have become more popular, visors
may become more important.
Shattering Visors
Over the years we have heard isolated reports of helmet visors shattering on impact. In one
case the rider spent over an hour on an operating table while surgeons picked shards of the visor out of her face. There
was an incident report filed with CPSC in 1998 by the mother of a rider whose face was injured severely in a crash, in
her opinion by a shard from the shattered helmet visor.
Cuts from Visor Edges
In August of 2007 we received this report: "I recently had a crash where the visor of my Trek
Helmet hit the pavement and broke. The larger piece sliced a cut from my forehead to my eyelid requiring fifteen
stitches. I will need additional surgery to conceal the scar a little bit. I would never have thought a visor could cause
that much of an injury."
In August, 2000, we had a report from a cyclist whose visor had cut him in a crash. When he hit on the front, the
visor was shoved under his face and cut him between the nose and lip, requiring seven stitches. In June, 2007 we received
another report from a parent whose 4-year old child required 9 stitches to a 1 1/2 inch long slice to his head between
his eyes (see below).
The second crash also resulted in a C1 fracture and small subdural hematoma. Obviously neither were visor induced
injuries, but worth noting.
Snagging
Another problem with visors is attaching them too securely, preventing them from flipping off in an impact.
The visor that does not readily detach, or is not made of flimsy material, can jerk the rider's neck. Evidence of that
happening will be considerably less clear than the indications when a visor shatters. On the other hand, wind might get
under a visor on a fast downhill and flip it off.
Cuts, shattering and failure to detach can be addressed with additions to current bicycle helmet standards. The
Australian standard already has a test for the detachment parameter. BHSI has been advocating for years the addition of a
similar test to the ASTM standard, and needs more info from the field on this known problem.
Positive Experience
In 2009 we received a report (below) from a rider whose visor bent under as she skidded
forward, head down on the pavement and saved her face from injury.
We are beginning to hear from recumbent riders that visors are more important in the recumbent position, where the
head is more upright. 'Bent riders report that some visors lift the front of the helmet up when there is a headwind or at
higher speeds. And they are looking for a tinted but see-through design.
If you have information on a visor problems of any kind that caused an injury, please file
a report with CPSC, and we would also appreciate it if you could send us an email. We are
also interested in good experience, either in crashes or just daily use.
We have been pressing ASTM to develop a test for visor shattering and visor detaching force, and will use your input
to push manufacturers to make better visors and test them to make sure they will not injure the rider in a crash.
There are, of course, visors that will not shatter. Some are made of stiff foam, for example. Others are made of very
flexible foam. They can be useful. If your helmet did not come with one, you might be able to make one yourself. At least
one rider emailed us that he makes his own from table place mats, or the cheap foam visors you find at the beach. He
mounts them with self-stick hook and loop fasteners and will never have a shattering problem.
Here are the emails received so far. Note the long periods between messages indicating that shattering is not a
frequent occurrence, but we are seeing more facial cut reports:
Posted April 18, 2022
I have experienced this twice with the same brand and model of helmet, although to
significantly different degrees. Both helmets were the Fox Proframe model.
The first crash resulted in me striking the back of of the landing of a gap jump. I struck the dirt with the face of my
helmet, the visor folded under and resulted in an odd linear shaped bruise that traversed over my eyebrow and cheek below
my eye.
The second crash was more severe. The crash resulted in a violent face plant which broke that helmet's chin bar in 8
places. The broken visor lacerated my nose severely. I feel lucky it missed my eyes, which would have been much worse. My
nose will need cosmetic surgery now. As part of my nostril is missing and the resulting scars look pretty awful.
It's unfortunate to discover the hard way that hard plastic visors on helmets are a liability for injury.
Posted February 7, 2022
I just wanted to relate that my 3 year old was riding her balance bike this weekend and
fell forward over her handlebars after stalling out. Fortunately she was wearing her Nutcase Little Nutty helmet (toddler
size) but with the sun visor attached. The sun visor took the brunt of the impact coming straight down on the edge of the
brim. I'm not sure if it would have been worse or better without the visor in place. She ended up with a deep
scrape/gouge across the entire width of her forehead where the visor was hammered in by the impact. No stitches required
but will probably be a lasting scar. It's hard to say whether she would have sustained more injuries to her face if the
visor had not been in place or whether the fat, meaty part on the front of the helmet would have provided gentler
protection. Now I'm unsure about the safety of using the visor.
Posted January 14, 2022
I was in an accident on August 25, 2017. A van stopped quickly in front of me to avoid
hitting a car in front of him. I was wearing a scorpion EXO 100 half helmet with the retractable sun visor and I had the
visor in the down position I also wear prescription glasses. I hit the back of the van and was thrown from my bike and
took a frontal impact to the sun visor of the helmet. I suffered a deep laceration to my right cheek just under the eye
due to the sharp edge of the visor along with the complete loss of sight of my right eye caused by the flexibility of the
retractable sun visor that flexed into my face.
Note that the helmet was a motorcycle helmet, not bicycle.
Posted June 26, 2009
I happened across this page, and wanted to suggest the alternative of wearing a baseball or
cycling cap under a helmet in place of a visor. They are more adjustable, keep sun and wind out of your eyes better (in
my experience) than plastic visors , and won't shatter. I was in a road accident last year, which involved sliding across
the pavement on my helmet and face. Fortunately, the bill of my cap (which I still wear) flipped down as I slid,
shielding part of my face. I had pretty deep road rash starting where the cap ended, but the covered parts were
unscratched. I wasn't wearing a cap with accident protection in mind, but I'm glad to have made that 'discovery'.
Posted January 10, 2009
Several years ago I was getting back into cycling and bought a new bike and helmet, a
Giro Mojave. I was practicing for my very first bike race and did a header over the handlebar after braking too much.
While I was traveling over the asphalt i had tucked my chin to my chest and the visor on the helmet scraped across the
rough surface. When I finally stopped my forward movement my friend came running and checked me out. I had bloody elbows
and knees but my face was unmarked because the visor took the brunt of the trauma. No marks on the face, no broken teeth,
no road rash. I still have the helmet but no longer wear it, it is a reminder of what could have happened. I have since
purchased a newer Giro Xen, with a visor, and have been fortunate to not have been injured on the several accidents I
have had since then.
Posted June 8, 2007
My 4-year old child sustained 9 stitches to a 1 1/2 inch long slice to his head between his
eyes. It was a minor crash with a severe injury. The visor on his Giro helmet sliced his head wide open. This product, if
not already, should be recalled. Why should children have to suffer potentially life-threatening injuries from a
defective product. What if we were on a bike ride far from help, he would have died with the amount of blood loss he
sustained from his injury!
Tearfully,
Michele
Posted December 9, 2003
Just a quick note to inform you that Giro visors "can" cause injury. Not as indicated in
the instruction manual. "Whilst the visors themselves do not offer impact protection, they do not influence the safety
performance of the helmet".
If it wasn't for the visor I would have this injury!!!!!! What caused the injury was a minor "face first" impact to
the ground after being flipped over my handle bars. The impact forced the visor to detach from the helmet on the left
side and with the peak of the visor slicing a nice chunk of skin of my nose.
My helmet is about two years old so hopefully more recent models do not have the potential to cause injury, if not -
it might be a good Idea to look into it more.
I have already sent this to Giro, not expecting a reply but within minutes I got one - "Sorry I am out of the office
until the 16th".....
I recently was involved in a solo mountain bike accident in which there was a frontal impact to my helmet. The crash
caused the visor to snap off my Bell helmet. It is not clear whether the visor was pushed into my face or my sunglasses
caused severe lacerations which required plastic surgery to repair. Both visor and sunglasses were lying on the trail
after impact, but the nature of the lacerations would appear to point towards the visor. Having gone through this
experience, I would not want anyone else to have a similar situation. Therefore, I am considering a new helmet that does
not incorporate a visor and sunglasses which have full frames and are not of the "blade" type design.
I was in an accident on July 13, 2000 where I was riding down a trail at Caesar's Creek and I hit a root. As a result I
was thrown from my bike and landed on the top ( front part) of my head. The visor broke off of my helmet on one side
causing it to be under my face when I landed. It cut my face between my nose and my upper lip. I had to get seven
stitches. The helmet I was wearing was a Giro Ventura.
I can say for certain that shattering visors are a potential safety concern. First, let me give you some background. My
son, who is currently 11 years old, has been racing motocross (motorcycle) since he was 5 years old. Two years ago, he
was lacerated during a crash by his shattered motorcycle helmet visor. The cut went through the left eyebrow, continuing
down around the corner of, and very close to his left eye. The cut required 10 stitches to close.
Here are the similarities I have found in full face "youth size" motorcycle helmets vs. full-face bicycle helmets. First,
you cannot get a Snell approval in a "youth-size" motorcycle helmet, and the construction quality is certainly less than
"Adult" helmets. Youth motorcycle helmets are very close in construction to high end full face bicycle helmets. To me,
visors on motorcycle and bicycle helmets look and feel identical in construction and style, and probably are.
The helmet my son was wearing when he went over-the-bars and took a frontal impact on the helmet was an "MSR". MSR stands
for "Malcolm Smith Racing", and is readily available at most motorcycle shops. I don't know who the ultimate manufacturer
is, but it resembled a KBC. Malcolm Smith Racing was very helpful when I contacted them to ask "why did my son's safety
equipment injured him"? Ultimately, their explanation made perfect sense. We are giving up safety for cool looks. Yes,
the new style visors are made of stiff (which means brittle) plastic so that the fancy paint will stay adhered to the
visor. If the visor was soft and pliable, the paint would flex and chip off. So, it's the mighty dollar at work...but I
think there must be some middle ground where both concerns can be met.
Posted March 11, 2005
From a recumbent rider with a laid-back position whose front fairing channels wind up
under his visor--not a common occurrence
One of the things that has bothered me about visors (ridden on a reclined recumbent bicycle) is that they act like
wind dams. On fast descents, or windy days you can actually feel the front portion of the helmet lifting (or at least
wanting to). I suspect that on folks with poorly fitting helmets that can cause the helmet to actually rotate more or
less rearward exposing the forehead.
Another recumbent rider wrote to remind us that visors are more important for recumbent riders because of their
laid back position. Although head position, not body position, is the important variable, here, if you ride with your
head back looking down your nose he could be right.
While I believe that visors should be designed for the correct detachment effort and impact resistance, let's not lose
sight of the fact that collision avoidance is more important than collision survival.
That is, using a visor, especially on a recumbent bike, can prevent collisions by keeping the sun and headlights from
oncoming cars, out of our eyes. A visor also helps to keep insects out of the cyclist's eyes, even if the rider is
wearing glasses. Visors may also help in some small way to keep dust out too.
Given the choice of using a visor that is not shatter-resistant and using no visor, I'll chose to use the visor.
When standards for visor size are determined, recumbent riders should not be forgotten. We generally need our visor to
be 1-2" longer than a diamond-frame rider would, due to our leaned-back position.
Received May, 2006 on paper
A Tucson cyclist sent us a detailed report of a crash he had caused by failing to see
an overtaking Suburban (a large SUV) when he moved out to the left from a bike lane to make a left turn. He believes that
the visor of his helmet blocked the Suburban from his vision. He replaced the helmet with the same model, but removed the
visor immediately. He also replaced a new helmet mirror that he had not been able to use effectively, returning to a
handlebar mirror.
Received October, 2009
For what it's worth, after years of removing visors from my helmets as a daily commuter on
a standard ("DF" for Diamond Frame, or "wedgie"), I've rethought the value of visors as I've increasingly taken to a
recumbent. My attraction to the recumbent is prompted by typical loss of mobility in my neck with aging (I'm now 70)
combined with very little diminution in my desire to ride. The 'bent has limitations (squirrely steering on short
wheelbase, less load-carrying ability, etc.) but the greater riding time more than makes up for them. However, as others
have noted, the issue of sun in the eyes becomes more prominent with one's head tilted back, a low position relative to
other vehicles on the road, and, in the current season, low sun-angles for increasing times in both in morning and
afternoon. Even excellent sunglasses can't solve the problem, and I have reattached visors to my helmets using
hook-and-loop for improved breakaway after cutting off the original locking tabs on the visors.
There are two trade-offs of importance. First, as others have mentioned, the visor tends to make the helmet lift off
the forehead to some degree. Proper adjustment of the variable-fit bands in current helmets solves this to some degree,
but visors could be better designed to prevent it, I think. The second problem is the opacity of the cheap visors
supplied with today's helmets. Years ago the now-outdated Skid Lid came with a snap-on tinted polycarbonate visor that
was molded approximately in the shape of a spherical section. Despite a lack of vents, this visor did not seem to induce
lift and its near-transparency overcame the visual field reduction that current visors create. I would imagine that this
material (and design), however superior to current visors, is unlikely to reappear, no doubt because of higher cost and a
distinct lack of "cool". This is regrettable.
Posted January 2, 2012
We buy helmets to protect a small adult with a medical disorder resulting in frequent
falls (not on a bike). She has worn helmets with visors for many years. The helmets only last a few months. The visors
have saved her face from injury numerous times, simply from hitting the ground first and slowing the face-into-ground
motion. They do eventually break, sometimes only after a few falls. This experience doesn't translate directly to that of
higher speed falls from a bike, but we can attest that in some face down falls the visor definitely provides face
protection.
A Do It Yourself Approach
Those who need a wide visor for sun protection might want to look at
this Australian rider's solution.
In the best tradition of innovative bicyclists who make their own gear, he has melded a wide brim Tilley-style hat with
his helmet. If you try a similar modification of your helmet, be sure to limit the brim's ability to snap down in your
face in a high wind and block your vision. It would most likely happen on a downhill, while you were traveling at high
speed.
The Bottom Line
When we started this page we expected quite a few emails about visor problems. Over a period of
years we have received very few. We believe that the problems with visors are evident, and are probably under-reported
because most of the injuries are minor. We continue to hear about them from time to time, but despite the justified
indignation of injured individuals there is no evidence we can see that there is a large epidemic of visor injuries.
Improving hazardous designs is still necessary, and we are pursuing standards improvements to test visors.
In the meantime, as the recumbent rider above noted, avoiding a crash is your first priority rather than being safe
from visor problems. If you are a rider who really needs a visor to see where you are going, using one is likely to be
less hazardous than not being able to see well. But the Tucson cyclist's experience shows that there may be a down side
to that as well if you permit the visor to mask part of your vision.